Update CI and prune dependencies

Description

Overhaul CI and project's dependencies list, fixing the CI failures caused by the bug introduced in the astropy 6.0.0

Commits

• Pin astropy major to <6

• Add missing dependency on h5py

• Remove deprecated psycopg type adaptation

• Exclude astropy.units from pylint

• Update psycopg2 to psycopg

• Fix typo in matrix

• Add pytest-cov and update pylint settings

• Fix python version literals in matrix

• Update CI and prune dependencies

• Change CI base image to python
• Update matrix to run over py 3.10 to latest
• Update matrix to use latest ctapipe and nightly builds
• Remove unnecessary dependencies

Related Issue

Closes #149 (closed)

How Has This Been Tested?

Tested in CI

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)

Checklist:

• My code follows the code style of this project.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.
• All new and existing tests passed.